ios消息推送实现

ios远程推送工作原理

什么是APNS？

APNs：Apple Push Notification server 苹果推送通知服务，苹果的APNs允许设备和苹果的推送通知服务器保持连接，支持开发者推送消息给用户设备对应的应用程序。

消息推送的步骤

注册：为应用程序申请消息推送服务。此时你的设备会向APNs服务器发送注册请求。
APNs服务器接受请求，并将deviceToken返给你设备上的应用程序
客户端应用程序将deviceToken发送给后台服务器程序，后台接收并储存。
后台服务器向APNs服务器发送推送消息。
APNs服务器将消息发给deviceToken对应设备上的应用程序。

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证书制作

通过mac的钥匙串访问申请证书：
钥匙串访问->证书助理->从证书机构请求证书
输入证书信息（邮箱及名称），选择存储到磁盘。此时我们能得到xx.certSigningRequest文件。
登陆苹果开发者官网,新建App IDs，注意开启”Push Notifications选项”
配置Push Notifications,选择Create Certificate，然后点击Choose File上传生成的xx.certSigningRequest文件，上传成功后，可以得到aps_development.cer文件。

双击aps_development.cer，将密钥导入钥匙串，然后右键导出xx.p12证书，设置相关密码并保存。
生成push_cert.pem证书
1）转换公钥
openssl x509 -in aps_developer.cer -inform der -out public.pem
2）转换私钥
openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -in xx.p12 -out private.pem (需要输入密码)
3）把两个证书合成
cat public.pem private.pem > push_cert.pem
Production SSL Certificate证书的制作类似。

编码实现

（注：需要在ios工程下的TARGETS->Capabilities->Push Notifications选项设置为ON。同时将Background Modes的Remote notifications设置为ON，同时确保Signing的证书信息配置正确）

注册消息推送服务

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {

    ...
	
    if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] respondsToSelector:@selector(isRegisteredForRemoteNotifications)]) {
        //ios8及以上版本
        //创建UIUserNotificationSettings，并设置消息的显示类类型
        UIUserNotificationSettings *notiSettings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound) categories:nil];
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:notiSettings];
    } else { // ios7
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge                                       |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound                                      |UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert)];
    }
    ...
}

注册成功获取DeviceToken

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken{;
    NSLog(@"%@", deviceToken);
    NSString *token = [[deviceToken description] stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@"<>"]];
    token = [token stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
    NSLog(@"deviceToken:%@", token);
}

注册远程推送失败回调

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- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error{
    NSLog(@"remote Error! %@",error);
}

获取推送信息

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- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo{
    NSLog(@"Receive remote notification : %@",userInfo);
}

ios8需要在AppDelegate添加此回调方法

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:(UIUserNotificationSettings *)notificationSettings {
    // 检查当前用户是否允许通知,如果允许就调用 registerForRemoteNotifications
    if (notificationSettings.types != UIUserNotificationTypeNone) {
        [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
    }
}

推送测试客户端

/*
 1.使用时替换deviceToken和passwd的值；
 2.证书名为apns-dev.pem，证书与脚本文件在同一目录下
 */

<?php
    $deviceToken = 'xxxxxxxxxxx';//5s 
    $message = '测试推送信息';
    $passwd = 'ooooooooooo'
    $badge = 'badge';
    $mode = 'dev';//这里可以更改是测试还是线上
    
    $body = array("aps" => array("alert" => $message, "badge" => (int)$badge, "sound"=>'default'), "c"=>'3|735|www.baidu.com|1149710');//c为自定义的参数
    
    $ctx = stream_context_create();
    $fp;
    if($mode == "development") {
        stream_context_set_option($ctx, "ssl", "local_cert", "push_cert.pem");
        stream_context_set_option($ctx, "ssl", "passphrase", passwd);
        $fp = stream_socket_client("ssl://gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195", $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx);
    } else {
        stream_context_set_option($ctx, "ssl", "local_cert", "push_cert.pem");
        stream_context_set_option($ctx, "ssl", "passphrase", "fslteam");
        $fp = stream_socket_client("ssl://gateway.push.apple.com:2195", $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx);
    }
    
    if (!$fp) {
        echo "Failed to connect $err $errstrn";
        return;
    }
    
    if($mode == "dev") {
        echo "Connection OK ==> apns_dev.pem ==> ssl://gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195<br>";
    } else {
        echo "Connection OK ==> apns_pro.pem ==> ssl://gateway.push.apple.com:2195<br>";
    }
    
    $payload = json_encode($body);
    $msg = chr(0) . pack("n",32) . pack("H*", str_replace(' ', '', $deviceToken)) . pack("n",strlen($payload)) . $payload;
    echo "---------------------------------<br>";
    echo "Sending token:".$deviceToken.'<br>';
    echo "Sending message :" . $payload . "<br>";
    echo "---------------------------------<br>";
    fwrite($fp, $msg);
    fclose($fp);

运行效果

参考文档

iOS手把手教你生成推送证书

ios远程推送和python版push server相关笔记

php pushDemo

ios8推送注册方式的改变